The winch is the most common coal mine hoisting equipment, which plays a very important role in coal mine production, and the winch occasionally breaks down during use, so it must be analyzed and processed to ensure the normal operation of production.
1 mechanical failure
1.1 Gear damage and treatment (1) Cracks. Gear cracks usually appear in gear teeth, rims, hubs, spokes, etc. Gear cracks can be divided into manufacturing cracks and service cracks according to the characteristics of their formation. Manufacturing cracks are material defects caused by improper gear production technology, and the defects expand to form gear cracks under certain load conditions; use cracks are gear cracks produced and expanded during the use of gears. (2) Broken tooth. This is a complete or partial fracture of one or more teeth of the gear. According to the characteristics of its formation, gear fracture is generally divided into overload fracture, plastic deformation fracture and fatigue fracture. (3) Tooth surface fatigue. Tooth surface fatigue mainly depends on the contact stress of the meshing tooth surface and the number of stress cycles. Run-in of gears with soft tooth surface to enlarge the contact surface and reduce the roughness of the tooth surface.
1.2 Common faults of the coupling and treatment measures for the easy breakage of the spring of the serpentine spring coupling: Analyze and clarify the specific reasons for the failure, and improve and adjust the working conditions of the coupling.
1.3 Common faults and treatments of hydraulic explosion-proof winches (1) Causes of faults The common faults of hydraulic systems are mainly caused by oil pollution, which can be generated in the system by itself, such as hydraulic pumps, reversing valves, hydraulic cylinders, etc. Metal particles caused by normal wear and tear of components, falling particles caused by wear of seals, and falling materials generated by filters, and falling paint and coatings in the fuel tank may cause pollution to the system; in the production process, the components, Inappropriate cleaning of parts and pipelines is the main cause of pollution. This improper cleaning will cause fiber fabrics (such as cotton yarn, etc.) to appear in the working fluid, debris generated during machining, and oxides on welded pipelines. And slag, etc.; dust and particles in the air may also enter the system and cause pollution. (2) Disassembly, assembly and replacement of hydraulic components for troubleshooting should be cleaned in advance to avoid dirt from being brought into the hydraulic system. The oil filter must be cleaned regularly.
Under normal conditions, it is usually cleaned once every 90 days, and a new filter element is replaced in 6 months to ensure the filtering effect. After the tubing is connected, replaced, and welded, it should be pickled, cleaned and then installed. The oil used in the hydraulic system should be filtered and replaced regularly, usually every 6 months. Oil pumps and oil drums filled with new oil may also carry dirt. Therefore, adding new oil to the oil tank must pass the fine filter car to allow the oil to circulate and filter repeatedly. When cleaning the fuel tank and other hydraulic components, it must not be cleaned with cotton yarn or other fiber fabrics, with silk cloth or nylon cloth. All work teams must carefully check whether the electromagnetic directional valve is flexible, whether there is jamming, if there is jamming, it must be disassembled and cleaned immediately, and the valve core must be correctly oriented and not misaligned when assembling after cleaning. Regularly check the looseness of the mounting screws of the hydraulic components, and whether the lock nuts of the overflow valve and throttle valve are loose or not. If there is any looseness, deal with it immediately.
1.4 Common faults and treatment of hydraulic pumping station (1) After the hydraulic pump is started, after 1-1.5min, the overflow valve in the electro-hydraulic pressure regulating device does not see oil return, and the oil pressure indicator is zero. The cause of the failure: the hydraulic pump cannot suck oil. The treatment method is to reverse the motor, causing the oil surface to churn, and then turn the motor forward to absorb oil; or unscrew the oil suction pipe, and fill the oil at the suction valve, while rotating the oil pump, it is found that there is a sound of oil suction, and the oil is discharged. If there is oil injection at the mouth, it means that the oil pump can work normally. (2) When the hydraulic pump is rotated, the overflow valve returns oil, and when the oil pressure rises, there are a lot of bubbles on the oil surface, and there is a lot of noise. The cause of the failure: the plastic end cover close to the coupling is broken, or the 4 screws are not tightened, resulting in a large amount of air entering the pump at the oil suction; the end cover at the oil outlet does not press the oil distribution plate, so that air invades the pump body ; The oil filter for oil suction is blocked, which increases the oil suction resistance and air invades the pump. Treatment method: replace the end cover with a nylon end cover or iron cover of the same specification, add a transparent paper pad with a thickness of 0.15mm between the end cover at the oil outlet and the oil distribution plate; remove the oil filter at the oil suction Down and clean. (3) When the hydraulic pump is turned, the oil pressure can rise to the required oil pressure value, but the hydraulic pump sounds and heats up. If the time is longer, the oil distribution plate will be scratched. Cause of failure: The gap between the oil distribution plate and the rotor is too small. Treatment method: Take out the upper and lower oil pans or rotors, and smooth the scratched parts with a surface grinder. According to the flat condition, make sure that the proper gasket is placed between the end cover and the oil distribution plate, and normal operation can be restored.
